Henri Matisse brought a thoroughly modern eye to his classical art foundations. The result was a daring new style that pushed the boundaries of Modern art and helped Matisse become one of the defining artists of the 20th century. His pairing of simple, familiar subject matter—portraits, still lifes, nudes, and intimate domestic scenes—with flat planes of unbridled color, bold use of line, and innovative forms ensures that Matisse’s works continue to captivate audiences to this day. The four paintings reproduced here are in the collection of the Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia and Merion, Pennsylvania.